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- Livros E Revistas
- Comentários À Lei Da Reforma Trabalhista. Dogmática, Visão Crítica E Interpretação Constitucional
- Do Contrato Individual do Trabalho (arts. 442 a 510)
Art. 442-B
Autor | Carlos Eduardo Oliveira Dias - Guilherme Guimarães Feliciano - José Antônio Ribeiro de Oliveira Silva - Manoel Carlos Toledo Filho |
Páginas | 75-77 |
Page 75
Art. 442-B. A contratação do autónomo, cumpridas por este todas as formalidades legais, com ou sem exclusividade, de forma contínua ou não, afasta a qualidade de empregado prevista no art. 3º desta Consolidação.
Comentários de Manoel Carlos Toledo Filho
A melhor forma de rapidamente apreender o que se buscou com este preceito, é lendo a justificativa correspondente, apresentada pelo Deputado Rogério Marinho, em seu Parecer perante a Câmara:
"O art. 429-B (sic), inserido na CLT nesta oportunidade, segue o mesmo raciocínio adotado em relação à descaracterização do vínculo empregatício entre a sociedade cooperativa e o seu associado. De fato, não há motivo razoável para configurar vínculo empregatício entre a empresa e um autónomo que lhe preste algum serviço eventual. Ressalte-se que, na eventualidade de uma tentativa de se fraudar a legislação trabalhista, estando configurados os requisitos próprios da relação de emprego, a Justiça do Trabalho poderá reconhecer o vínculo empregatício, garantindo ao empregado todos os direitos a ele inerentes."
Como se adverte, o legislador buscou aqui, deliberada e assumidamente, repetir a péssima ideia que fora a inserção, por meio da Lei n. 8.949/94, no art. 442 da CLT, de seu atual parágrafo único, segundo o qual, independentemente do ramo de atividade desenvolvido pela sociedade cooperativa, não existiria vínculo de emprego entre ela e seus associados, nem tampouco entre estes e os seus respectivos tomadores de serviços da entidade.
Quem teve oportunidade de viver a rotina judicial trabalhista dessa época sabe bastante bem o que se passou. A modificação então realizada, buscando reforçar ou sacramentar a noção de que um trabalhador cooperado não seria juridicamente empregado, transmitiu a falsa impressão de que bastaria uma adesão formal do trabalhador a uma entidade cooperativa para que dele se afastasse, por completo e em absoluto, a incidência da CLT.
Ocorre que, da mesma maneira que, antes da Lei, sempre fora verdade que um cooperado genuíno não seria mesmo empregado, seguiu obviamente sendo verdadeiro, após a Lei, que um cooperado de fachada não seria cooperado, mas sim empregado. A relação jurídica laboral sempre foi histórica e fundamentalmente definida pela realidade de seu conteúdo, não pela circunstância ocasional de sua forma. De resto, nem mesmo o legislador pode transformar a natureza intrínseca das coisas. Se for publicada uma Lei afirmando que a Terra gira em torno da Lua, a...
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