O Respeito à Honra
Autor | Arion Sayão Romita |
Ocupação do Autor | Academia Nacional do Direito do Trabalho |
Páginas | 325-327 |
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A Constituição da República, no art. 5º, inciso X, proclama ser inviolável a honra das pessoas. A relação de emprego oferece frequentes oportunidades em que a honra do empregado se expõe a atitudes do empregador lesivas de sua honra.
Em que consiste a honra? Ela se distingue do honor, porque este é uma qualidade inerente à pessoa, portanto, independente da opinião pública. De honor deriva honorabilidade, qualidade de honorável, significando o digno de ser honrado. A honra é fruto do honor, isto é, a estima com que a opinião pública recompensa aquela virtude. Herda-se o honor mas não a honra, porque esta se funda nas ações próprias e no conceito alheio. Honra-se alguém, mas não se lhe dá honor. Uma pessoa ilustre honra com sua presença a casa de um amigo, mas, se este não tiver honor, não fica por isso mais honrado.
A honra também não se confunde com o decoro, definido como correção moral. O decoro pode ser considerado de modo amplo, que se estende a tudo que é honesto, e de modo restrito, como aquilo que é consentâneo com a natureza humana, como manifestação de moderação e temperança.
Honra é a boa opinião e fama adquiridas por mérito e virtude. Apresenta duas vertentes: a subjetiva e a objetiva. A primeira é considerada no indivíduo e se reflete no conceito que alguém faz de si próprio. Em sentido objetivo, honra é a reputação, a boa fama, a consideração social com que a pessoa é tratada no meio em que atua. A honra se traduz no sentimento que leva o homem a procurar a boa opinião e fama na estima de seu semelhante, pelo cumprimento de seus deveres e pela prática de boas ações1.
Conceito próximo de honra é imagem. Não por outra razão o preceito constitucional os abrange na mesma frase. Em outra passagem, a Lei Maior se refere à imagem (art. 5º, inciso V), para assegurar direito de resposta, além de indenização por dano. O dano à imagem, ou seja, a ofensa à estima pública, é sem dúvida uma espécie de dano moral. Para distinguir honra e imagem, adota-se a lição de Manoel Gonçalves Ferreira Filho: "A honra é
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o respeito devido a cada um pela comunidade. Assim, o direito da inviolabilidade se traduz na proibição de manifestações ou alusões que tendam a privar o indivíduo desse valor. A honra veste a imagem de cada um. Esta - a imagem - é, antes, a visão social a respeito de um indivíduo determinado"2.
A honra é a dignidade que a pessoa realiza em si mesma, refletida na consideração dos demais. Ela assenta na dignidade da...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Direitos Fundamentais nas Relações de Trabalho
- Terceira parte
- Introdução
- A Dignidade da Pessoa
- A Proibição de Trabalho Escravo (ou Trabalho Forçado)
- O Respeito à Intimidade
- O Respeito à Vida Privada
- O Respeito à Honra
- O Respeito à Imagem
- Direito à Livre Manifestação do Pensamento; à Liberdade de Consciência e de Crença; e à Liberdade de Expressão e Informação
- Direito ao Sigilo da Correspondência e das Comunicações Telegráficas, de Dados e das Comunicações Telefônicas. A Questão do Correio Eletrônico
- Direito à Igualdade. Proibição de Discriminação
- Os Direitos de Solidariedade
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