- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- Insalubridade E Periculosidade. Aspectos Técnicos E Práticos
- Caracterização de Insalubridade
Radiações ionizantes
Autor | Tuffi Messias Saliba - Márcia Angelim Chaves Corrêa |
Ocupação do Autor | Engenheiro Mecânico. Engenheiro de Segurança do Trabalho. Advogado - Engenheira Química |
Páginas | 63-65 |
Page 63
Nas atividades ou operações onde os trabalhadores ficam expostos a radiações ionizantes, os limites de tolerância são os constantes da Resolução - CNEN (Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear) - n. 06/1973, NORMAS BÁSICAS DE PROTEÇÃO RADIOLÓGICA.
Page 64
Ressalte-se que a Resolução CNEN n. 06/1973 foi revogada em 19.7.1988, pela Resolução CNEN n. 12/1988. Em 11.4.1994, a Portaria n. 04 alterou o anexo 5 da NR-15, que passou a considerar que, nas atividades ou operações em que trabalhadores possam ser expostos a radiações ionizantes, os limites de tolerância, os princípios, as obrigações e controle básicos para a proteção do homem e do seu meio ambiente, contra possíveis efeitos indevidos causados pela radiação ionizante, são os constantes da Norma CNEN - NE-3.01, de julho de 1988, aprovada, em caráter experimental, pela Resolução CNEN n. 12/1988, ou por aquela que venha substituí-la.
a) Instrumentos de avaliação
As medições dos níveis de radiação exigem técnicas especializadas, normatizadas pelo CNEN. Dentre os instrumentos usados nessa avaliação, estão os dosímetros de filmes, que fornecem a dose equivalente recebida pelo empregado durante a jornada, e os contadores Geiger, que fornecem a intensidade de radiação instantânea. Assim, as perícias de insalubridade que envolvam radiações ionizantes devem ser feitas as avaliações quantitativa conforme determinado nas normas do CNEN. Normalmente, os empregadores que utilizam fontes radioativas ou equipamentos que emitem radiação, monitoram os trabalhadores expostos por meio de dosímetro, além de terem programas de radioproteção.
b) Caracterização de insalubridade
Para esse agente, o MTE determina que a insalubridade será caracterizada quando a exposição superar os limites de tolerância estabelecidos pela CNEN (Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear). Assim, nessa avaliação, é necessário que o perito realize as medições dos níveis de radiação, isto é, da dose de radiação absorvida pelo empregado durante a jornada de trabalho. É importante chamar a atenção para o fato de que há limite de tolerância fixado em razão da natureza, da intensidade e do tempo de exposição, o que não autoriza o perito a caracterizar a insalubridade pelo...
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