- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- Insalubridade E Periculosidade. Aspectos Técnicos E Práticos
- Caracterização de Insalubridade
Umidade
Autor | Tuffi Messias Saliba - Márcia Angelim Chaves Corrêa |
Ocupação do Autor | Engenheiro Mecânico. Engenheiro de Segurança do Trabalho. Advogado - Engenheira Química |
Páginas | 85-86 |
Page 85
1 - As atividades ou operações executadas em locais alagados ou encharcados, com umidade excessiva, capazes de produzir danos à saúde dos trabalhadores, serão consideradas insalubres em decorrência de laudo de inspeção realizada no local de trabalho.
A ACGIH e outras normas internacionais não estabelecem limites de tolerância para esse agente nem consideram a umidade como agente de higiene ocupacional. Já a NR-15 inclui a umidade como insalubre no anexo 10, NR-15, estabelecendo como parâmetros para a caracterização que o local seja encharcado ou alagado e capaz de produzir danos à saúde do trabalhador. Assim, a redação dada não fornece elementos técnicos para interpretação científica desse dispositivo legal.
Analisando literalmente os parâmetros fixados, verifica-se que, segundo Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, encharcar é "converter em charco, pântano, encher de água, alagar, inundar, molhar-se inteiro, ensopar-se", enquanto alagado significa "cheio de água, encharcado, pequena lagoa transitória".
O segundo parâmetro é que a exposição seja capaz de produzir danos à saúde. Ora, essa interpretação é totalmente subjetiva, verificando-se, no caso, interpretação equivocada desse dispositivo, visto que alguns peritos chegam a caracterizar insalubridade até para quem passa pano molhado em piso de banheiros.
Portanto, na caracterização da insalubridade por esse agente, deve-se levar em consideração, dentre outros, os seguintes fatores:
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- O local deverá ter um volume de água significativo, capaz de molhar o trabalhador exposto29.
- O tempo de exposição é fator importante para a ocorrência da doença ocupacional, conforme os princípios da Higiene Industrial e o conceito de insalubridade dado pelo art. 189 da CLT.
- Se o tipo de proteção usada é capaz de eliminar o risco, isto é, se o uso de botas de borracha e de roupas impermeáveis é capaz de impedir o contato habitual e permanente do trabalhador com a água30.
[29] ADICIONAL DE INSALUBRIDADE "EXCESSO DE UMIDADE". As condições de trabalho insalubre devem ser comprovadas por meio de perícia, nos termos do art. 195 da CLT. Confirmado pelo laudo pericial que o reclamante, trabalhando com lavagem de veículo, permanência em local encharcado (devido ao excesso de água...
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