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- Modelos E Formulários
- Petições Forenses Anotadas
- Prática de Ações Penais
- Ações No Juizado Especial Criminal
Da Transação Penal
Autor | José Gilmar Bertolo |
Páginas | 1234-1235 |
Page 1234
O Instituto da Transação (acordo) aplicado em relação às infrações penais de pequeno e médio potencial ofensivo (pequenas e médias infra-ções) foi implantado no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro por força da Lei nº 9.099/95, conhecida por "Lei dos Juizados" (arts. 76 e 89). Foi um grande avanço, pois desburocratizou sobremaneira o trato das infrações penais menores, permitindo ao Estado uma resposta mais célere em relação a essas causas, sem a necessidade de se recorrer às sanções penais tradicionais (penas, punições).
Assim, os crimes considerados de menor potencial ofensivo (pena menor de 2 anos) seguem o procedimento sumaríssimo do JECrim; dependendo de fatores legalmente previstos (art. 76, Lei 9.099/95), pode o Ministério Público negociar com o acusado sua pena.
Ou seja, pode haver composição entre a acusação e a defesa para evitar que o processo corra, poupando o réu (e o Estado também) de todas as cargas consequentes (sociais, psicológicas, financeiras etc.).
Em outras palavras, a transação penal encontra previsão na Lei 9.099 /95, mais precisamente em seu art. 76, segundo o qual: "Havendo representação ou tratando-se de crime de ação penal pública incondicionada, não sendo caso de arquivamento, o Ministério Público poderá propor a aplicação imediata de pena restritiva de direitos ou multa, a ser especificada na proposta".
Em que pese o fato de o dispositivo acima prever o cabimento da transação penal apenas na ação penal pública incondicionada, o instituto também é reconhecido na ação penal pública condicionada e, por analogia, na ação penal privada, desde que, em ambas, não tenha havido qualquer espécie de composição civil.
Sendo o caso de arquivamento (fato atípico, por exemplo), não se pode falar de transação.
Existem algumas nuances em relação à legitimidade para a proposta de transação penal. No entanto, o art. 76 da Lei 9.099/95 é claro: "o Ministério Público poderá propor a aplicação imediata de pena restritiva de direitos ou multas, a ser especificada na proposta".
Assim, é possível extrair duas importantes regras. Na ação penal pública (incondicionada ou condicionada) cabe ao representante do Ministério Público oferecer ao réu a transação. Em se tratando de ação
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penal privada, como não poderia deixar de ser, esse papel é transferido à vítima.
Note-se que tanto o parquet como a vítima pode se recusar a oferecer a transação. Quando a recusa partir do MP, e desde que fundamentada, caberá ao juiz...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Prática de Ações Penais
- Ações No Juizado Especial Criminal
- Da Transação Penal
- Das Petições no Juizado Especial Criminal
- Representação criminal - Estelionato
- Representação criminal - Crime de estupro
- Queixa-crime
- Representação criminal para autoridade policial requerendo a abertura de inquérito pela prática de crime previsto na Lei n. 11.340/06 - 'Maria da Penha' - Por violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher, e Art. 129, § 9º, do Código Penal Brasileiro
- Representação criminal para autoridade policial requerendo a abertura de inquérito pela prática de crime previsto na Lei n. 12.653/12 - Crime tipificado no art. 135-A do CP por condicionar atendimento médico-hospitalar emergencial a qualquer garantia
- Representação criminal judicial com pedido de medidas protetivas de urgência (Arts. 19 e ss. Da Lei n. 11.340/06)
- Defesa de consumidor de substância entorpecente (Nova Lei de Tóxicos - Lei n. 11.343/06)
- Petição de Defensor Público requerendo direitos ao preso nos termos da Lei nº 12.313/10
- Petição de Defensor Público requerendo direitos ao preso nos termos da Lei nº 12.313/10 e Lei nº 12.258/10
- Petição de Defensor Público requerendo direitos ao preso nos termos da Lei nº 12.313/10 e Lei nº 12.234/10
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