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- Os Príncipios de Direito do Trabalho Na Lei E Na Jurisprudência
- Parte 3. Princípios de Concreção do Direito do Trabalho
Princípio da Substituição Automática das Cláusulas Contratuais pelas Disposições Coletivas
Autor | Francisco Meton Marques De Lima |
Ocupação do Autor | Mestre em Direito e Desenvolvimento pela UFC. Doutor em Direito Constitucional pela UFMG |
Páginas | 181-182 |
Page 181
Por esse princípio, a vontade individual cede ao ajuste coletivo, em razão do que as cláusulas dos contratos individuais de trabalho são substituídas automática e instantaneamente pelas cláusulas pactuadas em acordos coletivos, convenções coletivas e dissídios coletivos do trabalho. Automática a substituição porque, iniciada a vigência dos instrumentos coletivos, independentemente da vontade do empregado e do empregador e sem qualquer formalidade, as novas condições ingressam nos contratos individuais, afastando-se as cláusulas incompatíveis com as novas, preservada, contudo, a situação mais favorável ao empregado.
Decorre do princípio geral da Autodeterminação Coletiva, comentado na Parte anterior deste livro, e ancora-se nos arts. 7º, VI, XIII, XIV, XXVI, 8º, III, e 114, §§ 2º e 3º, da Constituição Federal e 611 e seguintes da CLT.
O art. 619 consolidado preceitua que “nenhuma disposição de contrato individual de trabalho que contrarie normas de convenção ou acordo coletivo de trabalho poderá prevalecer na execução do mesmo, sendo considerada nula de pleno direito”.
Já o art. 620 dispõe que “as condições estabelecidas em convenção, quando mais favoráveis, prevalecerão sobre as estipuladas em acordo”.
Neste sentido, a Lei n. 8.542/1992 preceitua em seu art. 1º: “A política nacional de salários, respeitado o princípio da irredutibilidade, tem por fundamento a livre negociação coletiva.” E no § 1º estabelece que “as cláusulas dos acordos, convenções ou contratos coletivos de trabalho integram os contratos individuais de trabalho e somente poderão ser reduzidas ou suprimidas por posterior acordo, convenção ou contrato coletivo de trabalho”. Esta última regra foi revogada por lei, mas restabelecida pela EC n. 45/2004, que deu nova redação ao § 2º do art. 114 da Constituição, cujo final determina que no julgamento dos dissídios coletivos sejam “respeitadas as disposições mínimas legais de proteção ao trabalho, bem como as
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convencionadas anteriormente”. A propósito, a Súmula n. 277 reconhece a ultra-tividade das cláusulas de negociação coletiva do trabalho.
Conforme já frisamos nos capítulos da “Norma mais Favorável” e da “Condição mais Benéfica”, o princípio da substituição automática das cláusulas contratuais cede em favor da norma e da condição mais benéficas ao trabalhador.
Na hierarquia formal, conforme o art. 114, § 2º, da Constituição, e dos dispositivos consolidados supratranscritos, o acordo coletivo situa-se...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Os Príncipios de Direito do Trabalho na Lei e na Jurisprudência
- Parte 3. Princípios de concreção do direito do trabalho
- Princípio da Norma mais Favorável ao Trabalhador
- Princípio In Dubio pro Operario
- Princípio da Condição mais Benéfica
- Princípio da Irrenunciabilidade dos Direitos Trabalhistas
- Princípio da Primazia da Realidade
- Princípio da Continuidade da Relação de Emprego
- Princípio da Inalterabilidade in Pejus do Contrato de Trabalho
- Princípio da Substituição Automática das Cláusulas Contratuais pelas Disposições Coletivas
- Princípio da Isonomia Salarial
- Princípio da Irredutibilidade Salarial
- Princípio da Razoabilidade
- Princípio da Proporcionalidade
- Princípio da Boa-Fé
- Outros Princípios
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