Correr Perigo Manifesto de Mal Considerável (Art. 483, c, da CLT)
Autor | Melchíades Rodrigues Martins |
Ocupação do Autor | Juiz do Trabalho Aposentado do TRT da 15ª Região. Mestre em Direito |
Páginas | 334-335 |
Page 334
ALein. 62, de 1935, já previa essa justa causa do empregador ao estatuir que o empregado poderá considerar rescindido o contrato de trabalho se "correr perigo manifesto de dano ou mal considerável". O art. 483, na alínea c mantém a mesma justa causa, excluindo-se apenas do seu texto a exigência do dano, o qual estaria implícita na expressão "perigo manifesto e mal considerável".
Não há uma definição do que seja mal considerável para a caracterização da justa causa patronal, embora se compreenda que tudo o que coloca em risco a atividade do empregado estaria abrangido na expressão.
Estamos com Sérgio Pinto Martins para quem "em princípio, qualquer trabalho, por mais leve que seja, oferece riscos. O empregado poderá trabalhar no escritório e fazer um corte no dedo com uma folha de papel, que, por sinal, incomoda bastante", de forma que complementa que "mal considerável não representa os riscos normais da profissão, mas os anormais ou excepcionais"406.
Muitas profissões oferecem maiores riscos como a dos bombeiros, dos mergulhadores, dos policiais e outras que poderiam ser elencadas, mas são atividades em que estão implícitas as condições de riscos, portanto, tidas como normais nos cotidianos das relações trabalhistas. Consequentemente, o empregado que exerce profissões de riscos quando se candidata a uma colocação em tais atividades já estará sabendo das respectivas condições.
Segundo Russomano, duas condições são apontadas para "que se tenha a incidência dessa alínea: a) que haja perigo e que ele seja claro e evidente; b) que o risco corrido pelo trabalhador seja capaz de lhe causar mal considerável. Mas há que se distinguir os riscos decorrentes da
Page 335
própria profissão daqueles riscos derivados de atitudes de empregador que impõe ao obreiro serviços que envolvem riscos sem respaldo contratual"407.
Por outro lado, o empregador também é responsável pela saúde e integridade do trabalhador na prestação de serviços. As regras de saúde, higiene e segurança são disciplinadas no Capítulo VdaCLT, especificamente nos arts. 154 a 201, as quais devem ser observadas pelo empregador e também pelos empregados.
Por essa razão, se o empregador determinar a realização de serviços que possam incidir em perigo manifesto de mal considerável, o empregado não só poderá recusar a...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Justa Causa
- Parte III
- Noções Propedêuticas da Rescisão Indireta do Contrato de Trabalho (Art. 483)
- Quando Forem Exigidos do Empregado Serviços Superiores às suas Forças, Defesos por Lei, Contrários aos Bons Costumes, ou Alheios ao Contrato (Art. 483, a, da CLT)
- Rigor Excessivo (Quando for Tratado pelo Empregador ou por seus Superiores Hierárquicos com Rigor Excessivo - Art. 483, b, da CLT)
- Correr Perigo Manifesto de Mal Considerável (Art. 483, c, da CLT)
- Descumprimento das Obrigações do Contrato (Não Cumprir o Empregador as Obrigações do Contrato - Art. 483, d, da CLT)
- Ato Lesivo da Honra e Boa Fama (Praticar o Empregador, ou seus Prepostos, Contra ele ou Pessoas de sua Família, Ato Lesivo da Honra e Boa Fama - Art. 483, e, da CLT)
- O Empregador ou seus Prepostos Ofenderem-no Fisicamente, Salvo em Caso de Legítima Defesa, Própria ou de Outrem (Art. 483, f, da CLT)
- Redução de Trabalho por Peça ou Tarefa e Afetação do Salário (Art. 483, g, da CLT)
- Empregado Doméstico - Rescisão Indireta do Contrato de Trabalho. Culpa do Empregador. Art. 27ª, parágrafo único, da Lei Complementar n. 150, de 1º de junho de 2015
- Rescisão Indireta e suas Peculiaridades - Art. 483 da CLT
- Consequências da Rescisão Indireta no Contrato de Trabalho. Data do Desligamento e Verbas Rescisórias
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