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- Curso de Direito Processual do Trabalho Vol. I. Processo de Conhecimento 1
- Quinta Parte - Processo
Juiz
Autor | Manoel Antonio Teixeira Filho |
Páginas | 356-357 |
Page 356
O juiz é a encarnação do Estado, no exercício das funções jurisdicionais monopolísticas. Com vistas a isso, o sistema legal dota o magistrado de poderes, deveres, direitos, proibições e faculdades, além de impor-lhes sanções.
Os poderes são aqueles previstos no CPC ou na CLT, dentre os quais se inclui o de polícia, por força do qual ele poderá: a) manter a ordem e o decoro nas audiências;
b) determinar que se retirem da sala de audiência as pessoas que estejam se comportando de maneira inconveniente; c) requisitar, quando necessário, força policial (CLT, art. 816; CPC, art. 445, incisos I a III, nessa ordem).
O processo do trabalho atribui ampla liberdade ao juiz (CLT, art. 765). Essa declaração legal, entretanto, deve ser interpretada com alguma reserva, nos tempos atuais. Não se pode tolerar que, em nome dessa amplitude de poderes diretivos, o juiz escorie ou cerceie determinados direitos e garantias que a Constituição Federal atribui às partes, como, por exemplo, os do contraditório, da ampla defesa e do devido processo legal.
Aliás, para que se compreendam as razões pelas quais foi inserido o art. 765, no processo do trabalho, é necessário que se conheça o contexto político da época (1942, 1943). Vivia-se, naquele período, a “florescência das ditaduras”: tínhamos Vargas, no Brasil; Perón, na Argentina; Salazar, em Portugal; Franco, na Espanha; Mussolini, na Itália; Hitler, na Alemanha; Stálin, na extinta União Soviética e assim por diante. Pois bem. Um dos traços característicos dos regimes ditatoriais é a concentração dos poderes nas mãos de poucas autoridades. Assim também ocorreu na esfera do processo do trabalho, em que, por meio do referido art. 765, da CLT, buscou-se dotar o Juiz do Trabalho de poderes muito mais amplos do que eram providos os juízes da Justiça Comum. Podemos afirmar, portanto, que se procurou, na altura, fazer do Juiz do Trabalho uma espécie de “ditador do processo”, como emanação da figura do ditador político. Sob certo aspecto, pois, a origem do art. 765, da CLT, o compromete, aos olhos de nosso Estado Democrático de Direito, motivo por que a precitada norma legal deve ser interpretada sem o substrato político original, a fim de ajustar-se aos ares democráticos que, nos dias da atualidade, bafejam a face de nossa República.
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Curso de Direito Processual do Trabalho Vol. I. Processo de Conhecimento 1
- Quinta Parte - Processo
- Conceito
- Relação Jurídica Processual
- Natureza Jurídica do Processo
- Pressupostos Processuais
- Classificação dos Processos
- Formação, Suspensão e Extinção do Processo
- Sujeitos do Processo
- Litisconsórcio
- Assistência
- Intervenção de Terceiros
- Representação
- Advogados
- Juiz
- Ministério Público
- Da Advocacia Pública
- Da Defensoria Pública
- Nomenclatura Processual
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