Excludente de culpabilidade
Autor | Heráclito Antônio Mossin - Júlio César O.G. Mossin |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado criminalista ? Professor de Direito Processual Penal e Direito Penal da UNAERP ? UNIRP - FAAP ? Membro da Academia Brasileira de Direito Criminal (ABDECRIM) e Academia Ribeirãopretana de Letras Jurídicas - Advogado criminalista - Curso sobre a reforma pontual do Código de Processo Penal, ministrado pela Escola Superior da Advocacia (ES... |
Páginas | 225-227 |
Page 225
Inteligência: Há determinadas causas que quando ocorrem ilidem a culpabilidade do agente, fazendo desaparecer aquele ato de vontade que o torna moralmente responsável pelo resultado. Nestes casos, o agente fica isento de pena por ausência de culpabilidade.
Enumeração das excludentes: (a) inimputabilidade; (b) menoridade; (c) coação irresistível; (d) obediência hierárquica; (e) não exigibilidade de conduta diversa; (f) algumas situações de erro.
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INIMPUTABILIDADE
Inimputável é o indivíduo que não tem plena capacidade para entender que o fato por ele praticado é criminoso (art. 26, CP). Isso decorre dos estados mentais anormais (biopsicológico): doença mental (Ex: psicoses, neuroses, esquizofrenia); desenvolvimento mental incompleto (inadequação de desenvolvimento mental, a exemplo do que acontece com os menores e silvícolas não ajustados à vida civilizada). Pelo critério biopsicológico normativo o inimputável não age com culpabilidade. Está sujeito à medida de segurança.
Imputabilidade diminuída: Nesse caso, a anomalia mental não exclui, mas apenas reduz a capaci-dade de entender o ilícito ou de se determinar segundo tal entendimento. Há redução da capacidade de culpa, fazendo com que a pena seja diminuída de 1/3 ou 2/3. (art. 26, par. único, CP). O indivíduo se situa numa zona intermediária entre a sanidade psíquica e a doença mental. São os fronteiriços: casos residuais de psicose; certos graus de oligofrenia; psicopatas; portador de transtorno mental transitório. h EMOÇÃO E PAIXÃO
Não excluem a responsabilidade penal (art. 28, I, CP). A emoção quando violenta é circunstância atenuante, desde que este seja praticado logo em seguida à injusta provocação da vítima (art. 65, n. III, "c", CP) ou privilégio (art. 121, § 1º , CP).
EMBRIAGUEZ
Embriaguez proveniente de caso fortuito ou força maior: Pode gerar a imputabilidade relativa, permitindo a redução da pena de 1/3 a 2/3, desde que o agente, ao tempo da ação ou omissão, não tinha plena capacidade de entender o caráter ilícito do fato ou de determina-se com esse entendimento (art. 28, § 2º, CP).
Embriaguez voluntária ou culposa pelo álcool ou substância análoga: Não exclui a culpabilidade. Estando embriagado, o agente assume o risco de cometer o crime (dolo eventual), ou a prática do delito lhe era previsível (culpa).
Embriaguez dolosa preordenada - actio libera in causa: O agente se embriaga para cometer o crime. No caso, a embriaguez não exclui e nem diminui a...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Exame da OAB 2ª Fase Penal
- Direito Penal
- Conflito ou concurso aparente de normas
- Prazo penal e sua contagem
- Relação de causalidade
- Consumação e tentativa
- Crime impossível (Tentativa inidônea)
- Erro em matéria penal
- Desistência voluntária
- Arrependimento eficaz
- Arrependimento posterior
- Excludentes de antijuridicidade
- Excludente de culpabilidade
- Concurso em matéria criminal
- Das penas
- Suspensão condicional da pena (sursis)
- Reabilitação
- Prescrição criminal
- Súmulas direito penal
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