Casos mais frequentes de sua aplicabilidade
Autor | Hélio Apoliano Cardoso |
Páginas | 85-86 |
Page 85
Entre outros casos, não pode ser excluída a apresentação da exceção de pré-executividade, sem restrição, inclusive contrapartida, nos casos em que o título em execução não se reveste das características de executividade, porque, destarte, a própria execução estaria sendo ajuizada com abuso de direito, por parte do exequente, utilizando uma via processual que a lei, em tese, não lhe concede.
Outra hipótese é aquela em que o executado, pobre, não dispõe de bens para viabilizar o recebimento dos embargos do executado no efeito suspensivo, não sendo possível, dentro do sistema jurídico-constitucional brasileiro, em que se assegura o pleno contraditório, limitá-lo, dessa maneira, contra pessoas economicamente carentes.
No caso, poder-se-ia dizer que não haverá a execução propriamente dita, mesmo reconhecendo que a execução poderá ser suspensa no caso de inexistir bem, conforme o art. 791, III do CPC. Não é bem assim.
Neste caso específico, a execução ficará suspensa na falta de bens penhoráveis, mas o nome do executado permanecerá nos registros forenses como verdadeira mancha a enodar-lhe o crédito, sem que possa ele apresentar a defesa por ter feito talvez pagamento do título ou porque realmente nada deva.
Sendo o Brasil uma coletividade liberal, conforme se vê do disposto do artigo 5º. do Estatuto da Nacionalidade, com mais de setenta incisos, o qual seguramente oferece o mais amplo elenco de direito e garantias fundamentais, não se justifica tal posição. Assim, a Lex legum tem traços liberais nítidos, apesar das incursões dos constituintes pela área do socialismo científico.
A literalidade é a pior forma de interpretação, não podendo ser tolerada em regime democrático que assegura as mais amplas garantias aos cidadãos. Incabível, em nossos tempos, o ultrapassado fetichismo legal. A lei deve ser imposta quando e como o interesse da sociedade exige, e nunca ao arrepio do bem-estar geral.
Pode ser proposta defesa na própria execução, no caso de falta de condição da ação, dos pressupostos processuais, título sem assinatura do devedor, vencimento antecipado de dívida e mesmo a incompetência absoluta.
Page 86
Na obrigação de fazer, seja de meio ou resultado e não fazer, porque o bem ou a obra depende do comportamento, ou atividade dele, aparecendo imediatamente por consequência do fazer. Só após feita é que deve ser entregue. Mas, do que se cuida, por ocasião da execução, é o fazer ou não a coisa.
O mesmo se dá no caso de entrega da...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Exceção de Pré-Executividade
- -
- Sobre o Autor
- Apresentação
- Introdução
- Raízes históricas
- Questão da denominação
- Conceito
- Objetivo
- Fundamentos
- Instrumentos de oposição à execução
- Instrumento de oposição ao cumprimento de sentença. Astreintes. Revisão. Possibilidade
- Do Prazo
- Hipóteses de cabimento
- Matérias arguíveis
- Evolução e ampliação do núcleo das matérias arguíveis
- Casos mais frequentes de sua aplicabilidade
- Substituição dos embargos do devedor pela exceção de pré-executividade
- Prazo para interposição
- Custas processuais no caso de movimentação da máquina judicial de forma indevida
- Honorários advocatícios
- Recurso cabível
- Aceitação do princípio da instrumentalidade das formas
- Recebimento no efeito suspensivo
- Reexame de provas pré-constituídas. Possibilidade de apreciação
- Outras considerações
- Razões derradeiras
- Considerações finais
- Notas
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