Do Prazo
Autor | Hélio Apoliano Cardoso |
Páginas | 35-38 |
Page 35
A exceção de pré-executividade não tem prazo para ser oposta, uma vez que, ainda que preclusos os embargos à execução, pode o executado suscitar matérias passíveis de serem conhecidas de ofício pelo juiz.
No mesmo sentido, a lição de Araken de Assim, litteris:
Não há termo final para deduzir a exceção de pré-executividade. Ressalva feita aos casos de preclusão, a exemplo do que acontece com a impenhorabilidade, e sem embargo da responsabilidade pelas despesas derivadas do retardamento (art. 267, § 3º) - e, assim mesmo se a arguição ocorrer após o prazo para embargos -, ao executado se mostra lícito excepcionar em qualquer fase do procedimento in executivis, inclusive na final: na realidade, permanece viva tal possibilidade enquanto o juiz não extinguir o processo. (Araken de Assis, in Manual da Execução, 9.ª ed., Ed. RT, São Paulo, 2005, pág. 1.027)
À guisa de exemplo, faz-se oportuna, ainda, a colação dos seguintes precedentes, que bem externam a orientação do STJ sobre o tema:
"PROCESSUAL CIVIL E TRIBUTÁRIO. AUSÊNCIA DE OMISSÃO, CONTRADIÇÃO OU FALTA DE MOTIVAÇÃO NO ACÓRDÃO A QUO. EXECUÇÃO FISCAL. EXCEÇÃO DE PRÉ-EXECUTIVIDADE. ARGUIÇÃO DE DECADÊNCIA POR MEIO DE PETIÇÃO AVULSA. POSSIBILIDADE. PRECEDENTES. DECISÃO DA MATÉRIA PELA CORTE ESPECIAL (SESSÃO DO DIA 16/03/2005).
(...) 3. A doutrina e a jurisprudência aceitam que ‘os embargos de devedor pressupõem penhora regular, que só se dispensa em sede de exceção de pré-executividade, limitada a questões relativas aos pressupostos processuais e às condições da ação’, incluindo-se a alegação de que a dívida foi paga (REsp nº 325893/SP).
4. ‘Denunciada a ocorrência da prescrição, verificação independente da produção ou exame laborioso de provas, não malfere nenhuma regra do Código de Processo Civil o oferecimento da exceção de ‘pré-executividade’, independentemente dos embargos de devedor e da penhora para a prévia garantia do juízo. Condicionar o exame da prescrição à interposição dos embargos seria gerar desnecessários gravames ao executado, ferindo o espírito da lei de execução, que orienta no sentido de serem afastados art. 620, CPC. Provocada, pois, a prestação jurisdicional quanto à prescrição, pode ser examinada como objeção à pré-executividade. Demais, seria injúria ao princípio da instrumentalidade adiar para os embargos a extinção do processo executivo" (REsp nº 179750/SP, 1ª Turma, Rel. Min. MILTON LUIZ PEREIRA, DJ de 23/09/2002).
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5. ‘A defesa que nega a executividade do título apresentado pode ser formulada nos próprios autos do processo da execução e independe do prazo fixado para os embargos de devedor’ (REsp nº 220100/RJ, 4ª Turma, Rel. Min. RUY ROSADO DE AGUIAR, DJ de 25/10/1999).
10. Recurso provido." (REsp 929.266/SP, Rel. Ministro José Delgado, Primeira Turma, julgado em 12.06.2007, DJ 29.06.2007)
"TRIBUTÁRIO. EXECUÇÃO FISCAL. NOMEAÇÃO DE CURADOR ESPECIAL. PRESCRIÇÃO INTERCORRENTE. DESPACHO DE CITAÇÃO. INSCRIÇÃO NA DÍVIDA ATIVA. INTERRUPÇÃO E SUSPENSÃO DO PRAZO PRESCRICIONAL. ARTS. 2º, § 3º, E 8º, § 2º DA LEI Nº 6.830/80. ART. 174 DO CTN. HONORÁRIOS ADVOCATÍCIOS.
1. Ao executado que, citado por edital ou por hora certa, permanecer revel, será nomeado curador especial, com legitimidade para apresentação de embargos (Súmula 196/STJ), o...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Exceção de Pré-Executividade
- -
- Sobre o Autor
- Apresentação
- Introdução
- Raízes históricas
- Questão da denominação
- Conceito
- Objetivo
- Fundamentos
- Instrumentos de oposição à execução
- Instrumento de oposição ao cumprimento de sentença. Astreintes. Revisão. Possibilidade
- Do Prazo
- Hipóteses de cabimento
- Matérias arguíveis
- Evolução e ampliação do núcleo das matérias arguíveis
- Casos mais frequentes de sua aplicabilidade
- Substituição dos embargos do devedor pela exceção de pré-executividade
- Prazo para interposição
- Custas processuais no caso de movimentação da máquina judicial de forma indevida
- Honorários advocatícios
- Recurso cabível
- Aceitação do princípio da instrumentalidade das formas
- Recebimento no efeito suspensivo
- Reexame de provas pré-constituídas. Possibilidade de apreciação
- Outras considerações
- Razões derradeiras
- Considerações finais
- Notas
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