Fundamentos
Autor | Hélio Apoliano Cardoso |
Páginas | 25-27 |
Page 25
O fundamento principal que ampara a "oposição pré-processual", entre outros, é a nulidade do processo executivo, por ausência dos requisitos capitulados nos artigos 585, 586, 580 e 618 do CPC.
Configurada qualquer das hipóteses previstas no art. 618, c/c com os artigos 585, 586 e 580 da legislação ordinária brasileira, autorizado está o uso da via estreita da objeção de não-executividade, com possibilidade de suscitação de qualquer matéria em oposição à execução interposta, sem que para tanto seja ofertada a necessária ação de embargos do devedor.
Da combinação dos permissivos processuais anteriormente codificados, esboça-se, nos nossos Tribunais, a possibilidade, em casos específicos, de o executado insurgir-se contra o despacho inaugural proferido na execução através de arguição de nulidade da execução, agravo de instrumento e mandado de segurança, sem nenhuma contraprestação, a qual seria até um despautério, frente à inexistência, quando for o caso, de título líquido, certo e exigível.
Seria verdadeira liberação para implementação de execução sem título correspondente, acarretando dilúvio de ilegalidades e ilicitudes.
A interposição da chamada "objeção à executividade" dispensa qualquer contraprestação, podendo ser dirigida em simples petição e decidida de plano pelo magistrado de piso ao reconhecer nulidade absoluta e insanável no processo de execução, declarando a inexistência da prova pré-constituída do título executivo, que é condição inseparável da execução.
ARAKEN DE ASSIS (op. cit., p. 30), após repelir a impossibilidade de oposição de embargos como requisito para o uso da exceção de pré-executividade, aponta com precisão o traço comum aos assuntos resolvidos por essa via: "o caráter restrito da prova admissível na exceção; melhor dizendo, o juiz admitirá a exceção secundum eventus probationis, revelando típica técnica de cognição sumária".
Os pressupostos estritamente formais, aparentes do título, podem ser examinados no limiar da ação, sem necessidade de se aguardarem embargos do executado, frente aos sólidos argumentos anteriormente citados.
Page 26
Ocorrendo nulidade do título não sentencial, objeto da execução por ausência de liquidez, certeza e exigibilidade, tal fato pode e deve ser arguido tanto pela parte executada como ex officio pelo Juiz.
A objeção de não-executividade se justifica em hipótese na qual se patenteia a ausência de condições da ação, exemplificarmente a possibilidade jurídica afastada por...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Exceção de Pré-Executividade
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- Sobre o Autor
- Apresentação
- Introdução
- Raízes históricas
- Questão da denominação
- Conceito
- Objetivo
- Fundamentos
- Instrumentos de oposição à execução
- Instrumento de oposição ao cumprimento de sentença. Astreintes. Revisão. Possibilidade
- Do Prazo
- Hipóteses de cabimento
- Matérias arguíveis
- Evolução e ampliação do núcleo das matérias arguíveis
- Casos mais frequentes de sua aplicabilidade
- Substituição dos embargos do devedor pela exceção de pré-executividade
- Prazo para interposição
- Custas processuais no caso de movimentação da máquina judicial de forma indevida
- Honorários advocatícios
- Recurso cabível
- Aceitação do princípio da instrumentalidade das formas
- Recebimento no efeito suspensivo
- Reexame de provas pré-constituídas. Possibilidade de apreciação
- Outras considerações
- Razões derradeiras
- Considerações finais
- Notas
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