Extinção da servidão administrativa
Autor | Luiz Fernando de Mello/Carlos Henrique Neves de Mello/Cícero Ferreira da Silva |
Páginas | 28-30 |
Page 28
A extinção da servidão também restou retratada pelas lições da renomada autora Di Pietro na obra referendada:
Característica típica das servidões, quer públicas, quer privadas, é a perpetuidade.
Consoante Ruy Cirne Lima (RDP 5:24), a servidão administrativa é “insuscetível de termo final, porque o prazo, somente estabelecido em favor da pessoa, colidiria com a utilitas,
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essencial à servidão real e, para esse efeito, definida segundo as coisas e não as pessoas”.
Portanto, as servidões administrativas são perpétuas no sentido de que perduram enquanto subsiste a necessidade do Poder Público e a utilidade do prédio serviente. Cessada esta ou aquela, extingue-se a servidão. Por outras palavras, se a coisa dominante perder a sua função pública, a servidão desaparece.
Alguns autores admitem a fixação de um prazo na servidão instituída mediante acordo. No entanto, isso nos parece inócuo porque, se persistir a utilidade pública, cabe ao Poder Público usar de suas prerrogativas estatais para impor a servidão pelo tempo que se fizer necessário, ainda contra a vontade do particular, podendo, para isso, recorrer ao processo expropriatório, com base no artigo 40 do Decreto-lei nº 3.365.
Por outro lado, se a necessidade pública cessar antes do termo estipulado, cabe ao Poder Público extinguir a servidão, já que tem a faculdade de rescindir unilateralmente os contratos que não mais atendam ao interesse público.
Também se extingue se a coisa dominante for desafetada ou for afetada a fim diverso para o qual não seja necessária a servidão. Exemplo: se as instalações utilizadas como fortificações passam a ter fim diverso, cessarão as servidões administrativas correspondentes.
Estas também cessarão pela reunião das coisas serviente e dominante no domínio de um só titular, pois nulli res sua servit.
Quanto à prescrição, o pensamento dominante é o de que as servidões administrativas não se extinguem pelo não uso, pela mesma razão de que ninguém pode adquirir bens do domínio público por usucapião. O direito real de natureza pública, da mesma forma que o bem público, é coisa fora do comércio jurídico, não podendo ser objeto de alienação, prescrição, penhora etc.
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Em resumo, as causas extintivas da servidão administrativa são:
1. a perda da coisa gravada;
2. a transformação da coisa por fato que a torne incompatível com seu destino;
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a desafetação da coisa dominante;
4. a incorporação do imóvel...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Servidão de passagem
- Luiz Fernando de Mello
- Carlos Henrique Neves de Mello
- Cícero Ferreira da Silva Filho
- Colaboradores
- Introdução
- Da servidão administrativa
- Servidão de direito privado e público
- Distinção entre servidão administrativa e limitação administrativa
- Conceito de servidão administrativa
- Forma e modos de constituição da servidão administrativa
- Extinção da servidão administrativa
- Direito à indenização da servidão
- Modalidades e espécies de servidão
- Demais considerações sobre servidão
- Dos riscos; restrições e incômodos
- Das classificações das servidões
- Dos princípios fundamentais
- Das características da servidão
- Do conteúdo
- Do amparo legal
- Da fixação do percentual da servidão
- Do método da renda para avaliações de faixas de servidões
- Da servidão como desapropriação
- Do justo valor
- Considerações sobre a avaliação
- Modelo de laudo de servidão administrativa superficial com benfeitorias em área rural próximo a urbe
- Modelo de laudo de servidão administrativa com passagem subterrânea em área rural próximo a urbe
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