Enquadramento Científico
Autor | Wladimir Novaes Martinez |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado especialista em Direito Previdenciário |
Páginas | 970-971 |
Page 970
É comum classificar a legislação privada e as praxes do segmento supletivo no campo do direito privado. Isso sucede em razão da relativa liberdade de ação atribuída ao indivíduo, possibilidade de ingresso no sistema ou de manifestação da vontade. Se assim for, valem as disposições civilistas compatíveis, em especial, as pertinentes ao contrato.
Aparentemente, opor-se-ia ao posicionamento no direito público, onde vigentes normas cogentes e não a volição do indivíduo, ou esta última seria insignificante, restando, por confronto de ideias, não prevalecentes àquelas na previdência complementar.
2221. Similitude com a básica - Na análise, não se pode ignorar aspecto fundamental da previdência fechada: sua similitude com a básica e sua complementaridade. Supre-a institucionalmente e subsidia-a pelas suas prestações.
2222. Postulados inerentes - Em razão do sistema, a partir de 1978, três conclusões significativas podem ser colhidas em relação à coexistência desses regimes:
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os institutos jurídicos são assemelhados e, em diferentes espectros, cumprem o mesmo papel;
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o complementar é acessório do principal, e
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o privado é implementar do público.
2223. Função das prestações - Obviamente, isto é asseverado cogitando-se de prestações de pagamento continuado (não de todas); algumas delas são implementares ou suplementares, não se vinculando estritamente às básicas.
2224. Presença da vontade - Vale, repete-se, consignar particularidades desses semicírculos: no sistema estatal, vigem normas de caráter público (vontade do legislador); no sistema particular, as de cunho contratual (volição da pessoa). Como antecipado, afirmações, por sinal, não absolutas, pois o contexto comporta, igualmente, conforme o ponto enfocado, disciplina com um deles ou ambos esses vieses.
2225. Legalidade da complementaridade - Além de derivar da essência da instituição, a complementaridade (provindo diretamente do conceito legal de órgão gestor), deflui do art. 1º da LC n. 109/2001: "O regime de previdência privada, de caráter complementar e organizado de forma autônoma em relação ao regime geral de previdência social, é facultativo, baseado na constituição de reservas que garantem o benefício, nos termos do caput do art. 202 da Constituição Federal, observado o disposto nesta Lei Complementar".
Mais claramente, rezava o art. 34 da Lei n. 6.435/1977: "As entidades fechadas consideram-se complementares do sistema oficial de previdência e assistência social...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Curso de Direito Previdenciário
- Previdência Complementar
- Apresentação
- Breve História
- Questões Terminológicas
- Conceito Sucinto
- Características Nucleares
- Natureza Jurídica
- Questões Jurídicas
- Enquadramento Científico
- Objetivo e Papel dos Fundos de Pensão
- Princípios Aplicáveis
- Aplicação e Interpretação
- Presunções Válidas
- Tendências Hodiernas
- Justiça Competente
- Fontes Formais
- Sistema Nacional Supletivo
- Relação Jurídica Complementar
- Sujeitos da Relação Jurídica
- Relação Jurídica de Inscrição
- Órgãos Supervisores
- Dinâmica das Entidades Fechadas
- Retirada de Patrocinadora
- Atos Constitutivos das EFPC
- Composição das Entidades Fechadas
- Administração dos Benefícios
- Fontes de Custeio
- Prestações Previdenciárias
- Benefícios em Espécie
- Serviços Assistenciários
- Regimes Financeiros
- Tipos de Plano
- Penhora dos Benefícios
- Cálculo Atuarial
- Matemática Financeira
- Aplicações Econômicas e Financeiras
- Práticas Contábeis
- Direito Procedimental
- Penalidades Administrativas
- Direito Penal Complementar
- Embaraços Conjunturais
- Previdência Pública Complementar
- Equilíbrio Financeiro e Atuarial
- Destino do Superávit
- Serviço Passado
- Montepios Previdenciários
- Filosofia da Complementaridade
- Entidade Associativa
- Retirada de Instituidor
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