Penhora dos Benefícios
Autor | Wladimir Novaes Martinez |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado especialista em Direito Previdenciário |
Páginas | 1082-1084 |
Page 1082
Pessoas físicas em processo de separação, quando da divisão do patrimônio, cogitam da possibilidade de um cônjuge, segurado do RGPS, RPPS ou filiado um plano de benefícios previdência privado, ter os seus direitos previdenciários incluídos no rol dos bens a serem divididos por força do instituto técnica da penhora civil.
Trata-se de um tema ainda em debate científico e sem configuração decantada na doutrina e na jurisprudência. 2461. Fundamento legal - Diz o art. 114 do PBPS que:
"Salvo quanto a valor devido à Previdência Social e a desconto autorizado por esta Lei, ou derivado da obrigação de prestar alimentos reconhecida em sentença judicial, o benefício não pode ser objeto de penhora, arresto ou sequestro, sendo nula de pleno direito a sua venda ou cessão, ou a constituição de qualquer ônus sobre ele, bem como a outorga de poderes irrevogáveis ou em causa própria para o seu recebimento" (grifamos).
Vale dizer, no que diz respeito ao RGPS não existe a possibilidade de penhorar as mensalidades de um benefício.
2462. Proteção às prestações - O direito ao benefício previdenciário, em virtude de sua relevância e por se tratar de meio de subsistência do ser humano é cercado de uma respeitável grade da proteção legal.
É verdade que esse instituto técnico foi historicamente convencionado, principalmente quando as mensalidades das prestações eram de pequeno vulto, mas em todo o caso essa decisão por ir de encontro ao conceitos civilistas sobre o direito das pessoas quando da separação do casal, especialmente no caso de usar as aplicações financeiras previdenciárias como forma de investimento.
2463. Retenções permitidas - Exclusivamente devido a lei ordinária que modificou o cenário, é possível comprometer as mensalidades quando do empréstimo consignado bancário.
De longa data também foi autorizada a retenção para cobrir um fato igualmente relevante do ser humano: pagamento da pensão alimentícia.
Por último, o desconto do Imposto de Renda, um factum principis.
Imagina-se que quando da regulamentação da desaposentação, se for acolhida pelo STF, igual raciocínio será válido em se tratando de restituição das mensalidades recebidas entre a aposentação e a desaposentação.
2464. Impenhorabilidade - Fora das hipóteses anteriores não há a possibilidade de dedução do valor mensal em favor de terceiros.
Qualquer que seja a circunstância, tal fato deve ser de conhecimento de todos os segurados e dos seus dependentes.
2465. Caso concreto - ...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Curso de Direito Previdenciário
- Previdência Complementar
- Apresentação
- Breve História
- Questões Terminológicas
- Conceito Sucinto
- Características Nucleares
- Natureza Jurídica
- Questões Jurídicas
- Enquadramento Científico
- Objetivo e Papel dos Fundos de Pensão
- Princípios Aplicáveis
- Aplicação e Interpretação
- Presunções Válidas
- Tendências Hodiernas
- Justiça Competente
- Fontes Formais
- Sistema Nacional Supletivo
- Relação Jurídica Complementar
- Sujeitos da Relação Jurídica
- Relação Jurídica de Inscrição
- Órgãos Supervisores
- Dinâmica das Entidades Fechadas
- Retirada de Patrocinadora
- Atos Constitutivos das EFPC
- Composição das Entidades Fechadas
- Administração dos Benefícios
- Fontes de Custeio
- Prestações Previdenciárias
- Benefícios em Espécie
- Serviços Assistenciários
- Regimes Financeiros
- Tipos de Plano
- Penhora dos Benefícios
- Cálculo Atuarial
- Matemática Financeira
- Aplicações Econômicas e Financeiras
- Práticas Contábeis
- Direito Procedimental
- Penalidades Administrativas
- Direito Penal Complementar
- Embaraços Conjunturais
- Previdência Pública Complementar
- Equilíbrio Financeiro e Atuarial
- Destino do Superávit
- Serviço Passado
- Montepios Previdenciários
- Filosofia da Complementaridade
- Entidade Associativa
- Retirada de Instituidor
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