- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- Reforma Trabalhista Comentada por Juízes do Trabalho: Artigo por Artigo
- Lei Nº 6.019 de 1974 Com as Alterações Dadas Pelas Leis Nºs. 13.429 E 13.467 de 2017
Art. 1º
Autor | Ângela Maria Konrath |
Páginas | 543-545 |
Page 543
Em 1973, quando o Deputado Federal João Alves, da Arena/BA, apresentou o Projeto de Lei que resultou na Lei n. 6.019/74, iniciava-se no Brasil a abertura para a intermediação de mão de obra na modalidade de contrato de trabalho temporário destinado a atender a necessidade transitória de substituição de pessoal ou a acréscimo extraordinário de serviços.
O Brasil e o mundo viviam a crise dos anos 70, desencadeada após os anos dourados do capitalismo, pautada em diversos fatores entre os quais destacam-se: a crise do petróleo e o embargo da OPEP aos Estados Unidos e a Europa; a expansão do Estado intervencionista estruturado para promoção dos direitos sociais; a explosão demográfica pós as grandes guerras; a redimensão da esperança de vida ao nascer e o envelhecimento da população dados os avanços da medicina; o esgotamento do modelo fordista de produção em linha de montagem, com controle concentrado na empresa da matéria-prima até a entrega do produto ao consumidor final; a ranhura no tripé do Estado do bem-estar social (saúde, previdência e assistência); o surgimento de uma sociedade de massas em que os modelos de comportamento, a participação política e a vida cultural seguem padrão generalizado através do uso dos meios de comunicação em massa.
Soma-se a isso a expansão das telecomunicações, o aumento das redes de transporte físico, os deslocamentos reais e virtuais que incrementaram o contato entre relações de qualquer natureza, encolheram o tamanho do mundo e redimensionaram a globalização econômica.
Esse quadro abriu espaço para que três líderes mundiais – Margareth Thatcher (Inglaterra), Ronald Reagan (Estados Unidos) e Helmut Khol (Alemanha) – implementassem políticas neoliberais, defendendo a retirada do Estado da economia, a abertura econômica, a privatização das estatais e a desregulamentação da economia.
Nos métodos de produção, migra-se da linha de montagem fordista para o sistema toyotista: a produção enxuta; o fim do estoque; a automação flexível; a intensificação do trabalho; a qualidade total; a divisão fragmentada do trabalho pela terceirização.
Essas mutações trazidas pela era da acumulação flexível do neoliberalismo e da reestruturação produtiva, pautadas na lógica da produção de mercadorias e valorização do capital, provocaram nas décadas que se seguiram o desemprego estrutural, a precarização das condições de trabalho e a desmedida degradação entre o ser humano e a natureza.1
A perda de empregos estáveis e centrais ao processo produtivo, substituídos por um sistema de contratação precária e flexível, de importância marginal ao percurso de produção, é característica do que ocorreu entre os anos de 1970 e 1990, podendo ser interpretada como uma fase cíclica do modo de produção capitalista...
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