A Cessação da Vida
Autor | Jorge Paulete Vanrell |
Ocupação do Autor | Medicina, Bacharelado em Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais e Licenciatura Plena em Pedagogia |
Páginas | 83-88 |
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O diagnóstico da morte não é meramente subjetivo; ao contrário, baseia-se no estudo de uma série de fenômenos objetivos, mais ou menos imediatos, que ocorrem no corpo. Tais fenômenos podem ser, esquematicamente, divididos em dois grandes grupos, a saber:
• Sinais de cessação da vida ou sinais abióticos; • Sinais positivos de morte ou fenômenos cadavéricos.
É com apoio nesses dois tipos de fenômeno que se estabeleceram, desde a Antiguidade, os critérios de realidade da morte (provas da morte), que podem ser circulatórios, respiratórios, químicos, dinamoscópicos e neurológicos:
Provas circulatórias, em sua maioria, de valor histórico:
1) Prova de Bouchut – ausculta cardíaca silenciosa durante 5 (cinco) minutos. Foi um dos critérios pioneiros, tendo valido ao seu autor, em 1846, o Prêmio da Academia de Ciências Médicas de França.
2) Fundoscopia ocular – verifica-se o esvaziamento ou vacuidade da artéria central da retina, descoramento da papila óptica e da coróides.
3) Prova aquidopirástica de Middeldorff – consiste na introdução de uma agulha no coração, na altura do 4º espaço intercostal esquerdo, observando suas oscilações, que estarão presentes somente na pessoa viva.
4) Sinal de Magnus – consiste na aparição de uma coloração cianótica quando se estrangula a base de um quirodáctilo na pessoa viva; no morto, não há modificações da coloração.
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5) Sinal de Piga – consiste na observação radioscópica da área cardíaca que permite verificar a contração miocárdica; sua ausência é sinal patognomônico de morte.
6) Registro eletrocardiográfico sem ou com ativação adrenalínica (Prova de Guérin e Frache): uma linha de base contínua ou plana – silêncio elétrico – é indicativa de morte.
7) Prova de Boudimir e Levasseur ou da ventosa escarificada – consiste na ausência de sangue ao aplicar uma ventosa na região epigátrica, depois de ter realizado escarificação da pele.
9) Prova de Halluin – consiste na pesquisa da reação hiperêmica conjuntival, após a instilação de uma gota de éter: a sua ausência é sinal de morte real.
10) Prova de Terson – consiste na pesquisa da reação hiperêmica conjuntival, após a instilação de uma gota de dionina no olho: a sua ausência é evidência de morte real.
11) Prova de Ott – consiste na formação de bolha de gás na pele com a aproximação de uma chama; havendo vida, aparece flictena serosa ou sero-sanguinolenta.
12) Prova da fluoresceína de Icard – consiste na injeção intravascular de uma solução carbonatada de fluoresceína que se difunde no organismo vivo, dando uma coloração amarelo-esverdeada à pele e às mucosas; a ausência de coloração permite concluir pela morte real.
13) Sinal de Stenon-Louis – consiste na perda da turgescência dos globos oculares como consequência da parada da circulação e da desidratação cadavérica.
14) Prova de Veiga de Carvalho – consiste na persistência da opacidade radiográfica da arteriografia...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Manual de Medicina Legal (Tanatologia)
- Doutrina
- Introdução à Tanatologia
- Conceito Médico de Morte
- Conceito Jurídico de Morte
- As Formas de Morte
- A Cessação da Vida
- Morte Súbita na Infância
- Os Mecanismos da Morte
- O Modo ou Maneira da Morte
- As Lesões Associadas - Lesões 'intra vitam' e lesões 'post mortem
- Fenômenos Cadavéricos Abióticos
- Fenômenos Destrutivos do Cadáver
- Fenômenos Conservadores do Cadáver
- Fenômenos Cromáticos Cadavéricos: Os Dentes Rosados na Perícia Odontolegal
- Cronotanatognose
- As Sucessões Entomológicas
- Cálculo do 'Post Mortem Interval
- A Ética do Perito no Exame Necroscópico
- O Exame Necroscópico 'In Abstracto
- O Exame Necroscópico 'In Concreto' - A Necrópsia Médico-legal
- O Exame Necroscópico
- Exames Necroscópicos Peculiares
- Exame Necroscópico nos Acidentes de Trânsito Terrestres
- O Exame Necroscópico nos Casos de Morte Pós-tortura
- O Exame Criminalístico nas Mortes Pós-tortura e Execuções Sumárias
- O Exame Necroscópico nas Exumações
- O Exame Necroscópico de Ossadas
- O Exame Necroscópico nas Exumações nas Mortes Pós-tortura
- Os Desastres em Massa
- A Identificação pelo DNA em Desastres em Massa
- A Experiência de Desastres em Massa no Peru
- O Papel da Antropologia Forense: Uma Introdução
- Os Arcos Dentários na Identificação
- Identificação Craniométrica
- A Estimativa da Estatura
- A Antropologia Forense Brasileira
- Técnicas Auxiliares
- As Manchas de Sangue: Sua Interpretação em Locais de Morte Violenta
- O Exame Toxicológico nos Restos Humanos: Análises Toxicológicas em Material Biológico com Finalidade Forense
- Alguns Modelos de Relatórios e Pareceres
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