Técnicas Auxiliares
Autor | Jorge Paulete Vanrell |
Ocupação do Autor | Medicina, Bacharelado em Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais e Licenciatura Plena em Pedagogia |
Páginas | 659-666 |
Page 659
Nos locais de ocorrências criminais, bem como em outras situações que também formam parte do Corpo de Delito, isto é, do conjunto de elementos que constituirão a prova do fato delituoso, frequentemente aparecem restos de líquidos orgânicos, ora formando acúmulos ou depósitos sobre objetos, ora formando manchas, ora infiltrando tecidos ou outros objetos (e.g., bitucas de cigarros).
Nesses casos, obrigatórias são a coleta e a análise desses vestígios, para submetê-los a exames laboratoriais. Os exames laboratoriais de líquidos orgânicos e de manchas deixadas têm por finalidade complementar perícias feitas sobre pessoas, cadáveres ou coisas, visando:
-
identificação de pessoas ou cadáveres; b) determinação da ocasião da morte; c) identificação de líquidos e manchas em casos criminais; d) investigação de vínculo genético; e) verificação de contágio venéreo.
Os exames de líquidos orgânicos, que podem formar manchas ou ser encontrados depositados sobre o corpo ou infiltrando objetos, abrangem um grande número de materiais periciáveis. Esse número se vê um tanto reduzido no campo da Odontologia Forense, haja vista que os líquidos orgânicos que se podem relacionar com as lesões estudadas pelo odontolegista, em termos gerais, podem reduzir-se a: saliva, sangue, esperma e secreções vaginais.
Em diversos crimes, principalmente nos de conotação sexual, podem encontrar-se manchas, quer sobre o corpo da vítima, quer sobre suas vestes.
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Sobre o corpo, geralmente nas proximidades de mordidas, já que, quase sempre, quando alguém morde escapa saliva, mesmo involuntariamente, a qual permanece seca nas proximidades da lesão. Entre os vários métodos químicos já propostos, somente dois têm interesse prático: são os que detectam sulfocianeto de potássio (produto praticamente exclusivo da saliva) e os que detectam amilase salivar.
a) Pesquisa do sulfocianeto de potássio
• REAÇÃO DE EUCÁRIO NOVAIS, sobre macerado:
- Macerar, por duas horas, um fragmento de tecido com a mancha com 5 a 10 gotas de água destilada;
- colher parte do líquido em uma cápsula de porcelana/vidro de relógio;
- acrescentar 1 gota de ácido clorídrico diluído a 50%;
- acrescentar 2 a 3 gotas de solução a 10% de percloreto de ferro;
- colorido avermelhado indica resultado positivo para saliva.
• REAÇÃO DIRETA DE EUCÁRIO NOVAIS, sobre o tecido:
- colocar o pano manchado ou um fragmento sobre um vidro de relógio;
- deitar sobre o pano uma gota de ácido clorídrico a 50%;
- pingar no local 2 a 3 gotas de solução a 5% de percloreto de ferro;
- colorido avermelhado, notadamente na borda ou periferia da mancha, indica resultado positivo para saliva.
• REAÇÃO INDIRETA DE COLOSSANTI, sobre o macerado:
- Macerar, por duas horas, um fragmento do tecido manchado, com 5 a 10 gotas de água destilada;
- colher parte do líquido em uma cápsula de porcelana/vidro de relógio;
- acrescentar 5 gotas de solução de sulfato de cobre a 2%;
- colorido verde-esmeralda indica positivo para saliva.
Page 661
b) Pesquisa da amilase (diástase)
• REAÇÃO DE BOETTGER, sobre o macerado:
- Macerar, por duas horas, um fragmento do tecido manchado, ...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Manual de Medicina Legal (Tanatologia)
- Doutrina
- Introdução à Tanatologia
- Conceito Médico de Morte
- Conceito Jurídico de Morte
- As Formas de Morte
- A Cessação da Vida
- Morte Súbita na Infância
- Os Mecanismos da Morte
- O Modo ou Maneira da Morte
- As Lesões Associadas - Lesões 'intra vitam' e lesões 'post mortem
- Fenômenos Cadavéricos Abióticos
- Fenômenos Destrutivos do Cadáver
- Fenômenos Conservadores do Cadáver
- Fenômenos Cromáticos Cadavéricos: Os Dentes Rosados na Perícia Odontolegal
- Cronotanatognose
- As Sucessões Entomológicas
- Cálculo do 'Post Mortem Interval
- A Ética do Perito no Exame Necroscópico
- O Exame Necroscópico 'In Abstracto
- O Exame Necroscópico 'In Concreto' - A Necrópsia Médico-legal
- O Exame Necroscópico
- Exames Necroscópicos Peculiares
- Exame Necroscópico nos Acidentes de Trânsito Terrestres
- O Exame Necroscópico nos Casos de Morte Pós-tortura
- O Exame Criminalístico nas Mortes Pós-tortura e Execuções Sumárias
- O Exame Necroscópico nas Exumações
- O Exame Necroscópico de Ossadas
- O Exame Necroscópico nas Exumações nas Mortes Pós-tortura
- Os Desastres em Massa
- A Identificação pelo DNA em Desastres em Massa
- A Experiência de Desastres em Massa no Peru
- O Papel da Antropologia Forense: Uma Introdução
- Os Arcos Dentários na Identificação
- Identificação Craniométrica
- A Estimativa da Estatura
- A Antropologia Forense Brasileira
- Técnicas Auxiliares
- As Manchas de Sangue: Sua Interpretação em Locais de Morte Violenta
- O Exame Toxicológico nos Restos Humanos: Análises Toxicológicas em Material Biológico com Finalidade Forense
- Alguns Modelos de Relatórios e Pareceres
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