Conceito Jurídico de Morte
Autor | Jorge Paulete Vanrell |
Ocupação do Autor | Medicina, Bacharelado em Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais e Licenciatura Plena em Pedagogia |
Páginas | 59-65 |
Page 59
“A integridade pessoal. Como acontece com a vida, o homem tem o direito de defender a integridade do seu corpo, de todos os seus órgãos, de todas as suas funções e faculdades.” (Vicenzo Lamedica, O Direito de Defesa, trad. por Paolo Capitanio, Campinas, Bookseller Editora, 1996, p. 64).
Só existe um móvel capaz de sugerir a busca da intervenção legislativa na produção da morte: o interesse.
Consabido que o sol, as nuvens, o centro da terra, em face da insuscetibili-dade de apropriação exclusiva por alguém, não despertam qualquer interesse. Por isso não se sujeitam juridicamente.
Em razão do progresso científico, tais coisas – no sentido físico –, pela apropriação poderão, no futuro, ser objeto de direito.
Ensina Manuel A. Domingues de Andrade, in: Teoria Geral da Relação Jurídica, Coimbra, Almedina, 1974, vol. I, p. 201, que:
“A sujeição já não consiste numa apropriação física, mas na possibilidade de exclusivo desfrutamento e disposição dum bem.”
Mas, parece que com relação ao homem o progresso veio na vanguarda, pois, sua vida e seu corpo passaram a suscitar grande interesse, de modo tal que sua defunção chegou ao extremo de ser admitida como passível de criação pela inteligência humana, com os efeitos daí decorrentes.
Referindo-se a Carlos Binding, o Pontifex Jiménez de Asúa, in: Libertad de Amar y Derecho a Morir, Buenos Aires, Depalma, 1984, 7ª ed., p. 410, lembra, com referência à eutanásia, que aqui pode ser evocada sem receio de incidir em incoerência:
Page 60
La posibilidad de aniquilar a estos infelices seres se presenta igual para los que han nacido así como para los que han llegado a esa situación en el trascurso de su vida; por ejemplo: el enfermo de parálisis general progresiva en el último estadio de su mal. Les falta – escribe Binding – la voluntad de vivir tanto como la de morir. La orden de matarlos no tropieza aquí con resistencia alguna, con una voluntad de vivir que deba ser truncada: su existencia carece de todo valor; sin embargo, no se les presenta a ellos como insoportable. Son una carga pesada para sus familias y para la sociedad. Su muerte, por otra parte, no provoca ningún pesar, a no ser, tal vez, en los sentimientos de la madre o de la enfermera fiel. El estado de estos dementes e imbéciles exige cuidados considerables y la formación de profesionales que pierden su existencia prolongando la de estos no-valores humanos absolutos durante años y docenas de años. (Gr.)
O grande Asúa conclui, interpretando o enunciado, que se trata, sob esse ponto de vista, da morte eliminadora e econômica, que se cimenta nos critérios de inutilidade e economia (op. cit., p. 417).
Até então se examinou o interesse econômico com relação à família do paciente, e à sociedade.
No que toca ao interesse particular, sobretudo de “grupos”, aí compreendido o interesse “público oficial”, vale-se de página expedida pelo Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, da UNESP (Apnéia na Morte Encefálica), ut se vê na Internet: unesp.br/deneuro/apnea/5.htm, pág. 2:
Por que aponta-se [sic] a extensão da ‘fila’ dos pacientes à espera do transplante para justificar a implantação de leis espúrias, que legalizam, generalizam e perpetuam erros médicos que colocam em risco a vida de indefesos pacientes em coma sem lhes trazer quaisquer benefícios, mas não se procura impedir que o número de desesperados continue a aumentar, consumindo-se na ‘captação’ de órgãos verbas públicas que deveriam ser principalmente gastas em prevenção? Por que fazer propaganda da morte (‘encefálica’), tentando...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Manual de Medicina Legal (Tanatologia)
- Doutrina
- Introdução à Tanatologia
- Conceito Médico de Morte
- Conceito Jurídico de Morte
- As Formas de Morte
- A Cessação da Vida
- Morte Súbita na Infância
- Os Mecanismos da Morte
- O Modo ou Maneira da Morte
- As Lesões Associadas - Lesões 'intra vitam' e lesões 'post mortem
- Fenômenos Cadavéricos Abióticos
- Fenômenos Destrutivos do Cadáver
- Fenômenos Conservadores do Cadáver
- Fenômenos Cromáticos Cadavéricos: Os Dentes Rosados na Perícia Odontolegal
- Cronotanatognose
- As Sucessões Entomológicas
- Cálculo do 'Post Mortem Interval
- A Ética do Perito no Exame Necroscópico
- O Exame Necroscópico 'In Abstracto
- O Exame Necroscópico 'In Concreto' - A Necrópsia Médico-legal
- O Exame Necroscópico
- Exames Necroscópicos Peculiares
- Exame Necroscópico nos Acidentes de Trânsito Terrestres
- O Exame Necroscópico nos Casos de Morte Pós-tortura
- O Exame Criminalístico nas Mortes Pós-tortura e Execuções Sumárias
- O Exame Necroscópico nas Exumações
- O Exame Necroscópico de Ossadas
- O Exame Necroscópico nas Exumações nas Mortes Pós-tortura
- Os Desastres em Massa
- A Identificação pelo DNA em Desastres em Massa
- A Experiência de Desastres em Massa no Peru
- O Papel da Antropologia Forense: Uma Introdução
- Os Arcos Dentários na Identificação
- Identificação Craniométrica
- A Estimativa da Estatura
- A Antropologia Forense Brasileira
- Técnicas Auxiliares
- As Manchas de Sangue: Sua Interpretação em Locais de Morte Violenta
- O Exame Toxicológico nos Restos Humanos: Análises Toxicológicas em Material Biológico com Finalidade Forense
- Alguns Modelos de Relatórios e Pareceres
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