mandatory
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Hacking the Electorate: Thoughts on Misinformation and Personal Data Protection
...Notification to the data subjects is mandatory only in the LGPD, and in GDPR it is necessary only if there is substantial risk to the subjects’ rights and freedoms. Example: The campaign has ...
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The Second United Nations Conference on Human Settlements: from preparations to changes in brazilian legislation - part II
The objective of this article is to analyze the Brazilian federal legislation on the right to housing, published between 1996 and 2016, to verify if there was influence of the Declaration of Istanbul, final document of the Second United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II). After a presentation on the current Brazilian housing deficit and the analysis of the Habitat II and its...
.... Law no. 13,000, of June 18, 2014, which made the CEF's subpoena mandatory in the processes that are being processed in the State Courts that have as their object the extinct SFH Housing Insurance public policy (BRASIL, ... -
Right to health in Russian Federation: identification of its current stage of constitutional and legal recognition
Russian Federation has made a strong legal commitment to the human right to health through the ratification of several key international human rights laws. Current public health care policies also demonstrate that Russian Federation has committed itself to provide the human right to health protection of people residing with its jurisdiction. All residents of Russia are eligible for medical care...
... health welfare of Russian citizens: FL-323 “On the fundamentals of health protection in the Russian Federation” (2011); FL-326 “On mandatory health insurance in the Russian Federation” (2010); FL-55 “Sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population” (1999); FL-328 “On ... -
Italy 2023, riforma cartabia innovations in the civil process and ADR; potential interac-tions?
Os casos civis pendentes nos tribunais civis italianos no final de 2019 eram de 5.826.440. A Lei Delegada 69/2009 e o Decreto Legislativo 28/2010 regulamentaram a mediação comercial civil obrigatória no sistema jurídico italiano contemporâneo. Forte oposição dos advogados e negligência benigna do judiciário. Principal objeção: "A mediação não pertence à cultura jurídica italiana": A história...
...5,826,440. Delegated Law 69/2009 and Legislative Decree 28/2010 ruled mandatory civil commercial mediation in the contemporary Italian legal system. Strong opposition from lawyers and benign neglect from the judiciary. Main ... -
Qualidade da auditoria e assimetria informacional: uma análise no período pré e pós-adoção às normas internacionais de contabilidade
O estudo objetiva investigar quais elementos da qualidade da auditoria (QA) contribuem para a redução da assimetria de informação (AI) nas empresas listadas da B, no período pré e pós-adoção das IFRS. Foram estimadas regressões com dados em painel para testar a relação entre a AI e a QA em 82 empresas no período de 2003 a 2016. Os principais resultados são: existe relação significante e negativa
...43, n. 1, p. 1-33, 2005. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3542414. . DASKE, H.; HAIL, L.; LEUZ, C.; VERDI, R. Mandatory IFRS Reporting around the world: early evidence on the economic consequences. Journal of Accounting Research , v. 46, n. 5, p. 1085-1142, 2008. ... -
The food sustainability challenge beyond consumption: an attempt to construct a new model of 'conscious individuals' / O desafio da sustentabilidade alimentar para além do consumo: uma tentativa de construir um novo modelo de 'indivíduos conscientes
The article deals with the epistemological issue on the notion of “consumers” in the EU food regulation, offering some proposals for a change of definition and of perspective. The analysis starts from Reg. (EU) 1169/2011 and the dilemma on the information vis-à-vis communication duties towards the consumers. Then, it scrutinises the legal provisions to understand whether there are already seeds...
...On the one hand, European rules outline an aware consumer, mostly informed by mandatory indications on labels; on the other hand the European Union seems more interested in giving consumers information than interested in effectively . ... -
O eterno conflito entre liberdade e controle: o caso da vacinação obrigatória
Ninguém e ingênuo a ponto de imaginar que, no século XXI, seja possível encontrar qualquer governo imune à força política diretamente derivada da força econômica das grandes empresas globais. Com efeito, os governantes têm o orgulho de se descreverem como parceiros/agentes de marketing das empresas que têm seus respectivos Estados como sede social. Do mesmo modo, essa ingenuidade não é mais...
...7-16, nov. 2017./fev. 2018 . . Editorial . THE PERPETUAL CONFLICT BETWEEN FREEDOM AND CONTROL: THE CASE OF MANDATORY VACCINATION . No one is naïve enough to believe that in the 21 st century it is possible to ind any government immune to the political strength ... -
Risk involving political appointments brings down Petrobras shares
...He points out that establishing a capital reserve could potentially impact the distribution of extraordinary dividends. While mandatory dividends remain unaffected, Petrobras’s capacity to disburse dividends beyond the obligatory amount is likely to be diminished.Bruno Amorim, João ...
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The Self-Regulation of Electronic Commerce: An Appraisal in Accordance to the Chilean Law of Unfair Competition
Purpose - Electronic commerce or e-commerce constitutes a commercial activity on the rise. Although it has many advantages, there are several lingering factors that prevent its consolidation, such as the lack of trust of the potential consumer/user. In order to overcome that obstacle, instruments of self-regulation were created in the field of advertising. Firms that wish to distinguish...
... 2.2. Guarantees . A system of self-regulation should include elements that build a thorough and efficient backbone. The lack of some mandatory guarantees or the malfunction of such will determine that the system, besides inefficient, is in fact incomplete. Without a sound set of guarantees, ... -
Occupational environmental risks and their legal protection
The sophistication of the risks arising from the current stage of industrial development combined with the dismantling of the labor system in the global society increases the relevance of the issue of occupational environmental risks, insofar as the prevention of labor accidents depends on compliance with environmental norms directed to evaluation, control and management of these risks. In the...
...As a rule, the prediction of mechanical and ergonomic hazards is not mandatory in the PPRA [item 9.1.5]. . Physical agents are the various forms of energy to which workers may be exposed, such as noise, vibration, abnormal ... -
Inglés
...The latter established an Italian protectorate with no flexibility. The culprit: one verb, forming a permissive clause in Amharic and a mandatory one in Italian. Six years later, the differing interpretations led to war. Ethiopia won. . If only the Ethiopians and Italians had modern ...
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Right to disconnect: french and italian proposals for a global issue
In recent years, the increasing process of digitization has gradually blurred the boundaries between work and private life. Therefore, new issues concerning workers’ protection arose. One of the main topics on this matter is related to employees’ tendency to utilize technological devices, as smartphones and tablets, to remain "connected" to their job outside ordinary business hours. In relation...
... time represented – even if in a context of growing flexibilization – by the maximum number of business hours per day or per week and by mandatory workers’ rest periods, regulated by law and/or by collective bargaining 10 . As an example, workers may be requested to remain connected to their ... -
Elisão tributária no direito comparado
... (x) Plano de Ação 12: Regras de declaração obrigatória ( mandatory disclosure rules ); . . PAULO AYRES BARRETO . (xi) Plano de Ação 13: Documentação de preços de transferência e declaração país a país ( ...
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El arbitraje de consumo y la protección de los derechos colectivos en Estados Unidos y España
Tras la reciente crisis financiera global, la protección de los derechos de los consumidores de productos y servicios financieros se ha convertido es una política de Estado que merece ser el eje de representación de los derechos económicos y sociales. El arbitraje de consumo financiero supone una novedad frente a la resolución de disputas en procesos judiciales. A su vez, este método...
.... 9. Mark Furletti, Mandatory Arbitration Clauses in the Credit Card industry, enero 2003. descargado de ... -
The effectiveness of the extra judicial procedure of name and gender alteration in the city of fortaleza - Ce after one year of the provision n. 73 Period in the national council of justice
This article aims to analyze provision n. 73 of the National Council of Justice (CNJ), 2018, which provides the alteration of sex and name of transgender people directly in the civil registry, as well as the effectiveness of this norm in the city of Fortaleza one year after its publication. In the past, this registry alteration was conditioned to a medical diagnosis, a surgical intervention of...
... transsexuality, for example, comes from the fact that it is no longer necessary, through sex reversal surgery, and legal proceedings, for a mandatory adaptation of the trans person to the body condition of a woman as a condition for changing your social name and gender in civil documents. . ... -
É preciso diferenciar a área de compliance das demais estruturas da empresa
Rossana Leques: Empresa precisa diferenciar área de compliance
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Unavoidable procedural questions about tort and crime
.... Summary : 1. Tort and crime: clarifying the distinction. 2. The state’s role in remedies across crime and tort. 3. 6 mandatory procedural questions across crime and tort. 4. Setting appropriate remedial mechanisms. 5. Conclusion. . Art. 65 Codigo procesal penal de Brazil: . ...
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Some aspects of patients' rights to receive information about their health status under the legislation of the Russian Federation
The relevance of the chosen topic is due to increased legal literacy of patients, the need to respect their rights and increase the responsibility of a medical institution in matters of observing the rights of patients. According to the current legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of health protection, the right of citizens to information about their state of health includes two...
... . 5 Conclusions . At the conclusion of the study, the authors express confidence that it is the introduction of mandatory electronic medical records that will help to improve the completeness and reliability of information about the health status of patients, facilitate ... -
Análise dos smart contracts à luz do princípio da função social dos contratos no direito brasileiro
Smart contracts são criados por meio de códigos computacionais para execução automática de seus termos após a implementação da condição avençada pelas partes. Apresentam-se como fruto da Revolução Tecnológica, especialmente com o advento da internet e ganham relevância no mundo negocial após o surgimento da tecnologia blockchain, a qual permite o armazenamento dos códigos em cadeia de blocos,...
...Thus, the codes that give rise to smart contracts are self-executing, self-enforcing and mandatory and anything will not could interfere on legal effects production agreed by the parties. It is innumerable the legal challenges imposes to smart ... -
Constitucionalismo Digital: contradições de um conceito impreciso
O presente artigo mapeia os usos da expressão constitucionalismo digital, empregada nas discussões recentes de regulação de tecnologias digitais e, em especial, plataformas de Internet. Nosso objetivo principal é indicar as contradições e riscos colocados na dilatação do termo “constitucionalismo” para englobar os fenômenos normativos que hoje correm sob o rótulo. À luz da compreensão do...
... . MINOW, Martha. Alternatives to the state action doctrine in the era of privatization, mandatory arbitration, and the internet: directing law to serve human needs. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review , v. 52, p. 145-167, 2017. . ... -
A efetividade da lei de água: interface Brasil, Angola e Estados Unidos da América
Os recursos hídricos são essenciais para a vida na terra. Já ficou comprovado que embora seja um recurso renovável, a água é uma riqueza natural limitada. Países como Brasil, Angola e Estados Unidos da América, apesar de estarem em continentes diversos e possuírem índices de desenvolvimento econômico muito diferentes, são privilegiados nesse quesito, e por isso foram escolhidos para serem objetos
...117, which established the Basic Environmental Law, which provided for the mandatory licensing of activities that, by their nature, location, or size, may cause signiicant environmental and social impacts. Subsequently, on May 19, ... -
Tax Compliance: Factors that Influence Taxpayer Invoice Requests in Portugal.
...However, this citizen cooperative action is not mandatory, since people are not legally obliged to request an invoice with their TIN. In 2011, Portugal required a bailout package, an agreement which ...
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The Effect of Global and National Value Chains on Environmental Innovation and Research and Development: An Analysis of Ibovespa Companies.
...It is noteworthy that disclosure of information on R&D and innovation indicators is not mandatory. Thus, the study sample contains 70 non-financial companies, totaling 350 observations during the analyzed period. Table 1 details the number of ...
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Desaparición forzada: práctica generalizada en México
Se presentan dos casos: Rosendo Radilla Pacheco, que causó una revolución al sistema jurídico mexicano, cuyo punto central es la desaparición forzada, que por la gravedad es considerado delito de lesa humanidad, desde que sucedieron los hechos (1974) motivo del proceso interamericano, y el caso Alvarado Espinoza y otros (2009). La desaparición forzada ha sido práctica generalizada en México, en...
..., have censured this multi--o"ensive and continued illicit, but the practice has not ceased, to To begin to reduce this crime, not only mandatory criteria are required, but also a change in the way of proceeding of State agents, which will . Revista da Faculdade de Direito da FMP, Porto ... -
The (In)Efficiency of Emerging and Developed Markets: An Analysis from Fractal Theory
The objective of this article is to study the behavior of the stock markets in emerging countries (BRICS) and developed countries (USA, England, Germany, and Japan), aiming to identify the evolution of their degree of efficiency between June 2007 and July 2021 based on the hypothesis of fractal markets. Using the Hurst exponent, the fractal dimension, and
...Economic Systemic . R&D mandates O&G companies have a mandatory budget to be spent locally in R&D. . Development of technologies in oil and gas in Brazil. Economic . Technology push . Note. Source: The ...